Oleh: Dasapta Erwin Irawan (Google Scholar)

Geology is an important field that has many practical applications for a country’s development. It involves studying the Earth’s structure, composition, history, and processes. Here are five reasons why geology matters:

1. Energy and Sustainability: Geology helps us understand energy sources and sustainability. By studying the Earth’s resources, geologists can anticipate future changes and explore alternative options like geothermal energy and renewables to reduce carbon emissions and combat global warming[1]. Geologists also identify and explore mineral deposits while minimizing environmental impact in mining practices.
2. Natural Resource Management: Geologists help find and manage natural resources like groundwater, petroleum, and metals in an environmentally-friendly manner[2]. Geology provides knowledge about minerals, fossil fuels, and groundwater, which are important for economic development and human well-being.
3. Environmental Protection: Geology evaluates risks like landslides and groundwater pollution, and helps remediate environmental issues and understand past climate change[1][3]. Geologists study natural processes such as erosion, flooding, and climate change to develop strategies for protecting the environment and human health. For example, geologists played a crucial role in the cleanup of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
4. Natural Hazards: Geologists study natural hazards like volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods, landslides, hurricanes, and tsunamis to develop building codes, warning systems, and evacuation plans to prevent loss of life and property[2]. Geology helps us understand and mitigate hazards, saving lives through early warning systems.
5. Agriculture and Food Security: Geology studies soil erosion, soil health, water sources for irrigation, and minerals for fertilizers to support agriculture and increase food production[4]. Geologists also help find sources of minerals that promote a healthy lifestyle.

Geology is also crucial for infrastructure development like roads, bridges, buildings, and dams. Geologists assess sites for potential hazards like landslides and earthquakes, and provide recommendations for mitigation. For example, geologists played a key role in the construction of the Three Gorges Dam in China[5].

Geology also plays a significant role in education and public awareness. Geologists help people understand natural processes, protect the environment, and stay safe during geological hazards. They develop educational programs, give public talks, and write articles about geology.

In simple terms, geology is an important field with many practical applications. It helps us understand energy, manage natural resources, protect the environment, deal with natural disasters, and ensure agriculture and food security.